Nutrition Of Diabetes

 Nutrition Of Diabetes 

Diabetes diet:

Create your healthy-eating plan.

Your diabetes diet is simply a healthy-eating plan that will help you control your blood sugar. Here's help getting started, from meal planning to exchange lists and counting carbohydrates.

Definition:

Nutrition is very important for a diabetic's patient. The diabetes diet means, medically known as medical nutrition therapy  (M.N.T) for diabetes, simply diabetes nutrition means 

eating a variety of nutritious foods in moderate amounts and sticking to regular mealtimes. So we can say that the Dieting is better than cure.

Rather than a restrictive diet,  a diabetes diet or medical nutrition therapy  (M.N.T) is a healthy-eating plan for the diabetic's patient  that's naturally rich in nutrients and low in fat and calories, with an emphasis on fruits, vegetables and whole grains. In fact, a diabetes diet is the best eating plan for everyone diabetic's patient. The diet is very important to the health of all people because health is a blessing for man. So be careful in your diet. Make a plan of your diet and keep yourself healthy.

Purpose:

If you have diabetes or pre diabetic's  patient, your doctor will likely recommend that you see a dietitian to guide you on dietary changes and medical nutrition therapy (M.N.T) that can help you control your blood sugar (glucose) level and manage your weight because when weight are increasing rapidly then it is sign of danger for health.

When you eat excess calories and fat, your body responds by creating an undesirable rise in blood glucose. If blood glucose isn't kept in check, it can lead to serious problems, such as a dangerously high blood  glucose level (hyperglycemia) and chronic complications, such as nerve, kidney and heart damage etc. So be careful because life get only once in this world.

Making healthy food choices and tracking your eating habits can help you manage your blood glucose level and keep it within a safe range.

For most people with type 2 diabetes, weight loss also can make it easier to control blood glucose and offers a host of other health benefits. If you need to lose weight, medical nutrition therapy M.N.T provides a well-organized, nutritious way to reach your goal safely. Weight is very important for sugar patients so be careful about your weight. 

Diabetes:

If you are a diabetic's patient, at that time Your body does not make insulin rightly and use it properly. This is the sign of high blood glucose, or blood sugar, levels. Healthy eating helps keep your blood sugar in your target range. It is a critical part of managing your diabetes, because controlling your blood sugar can prevent the complications of diabetes.

A registered dietitian can help make an eating plan just for you. It should take into account your weight, medicines, lifestyle, and other health problems you have. If you keep care of these things then you can keep yourself as a healthy person because health is wealth.

Healthy diabetic eating includes

·    Healthy diabetic eating includes.

Limiting foods that are high in sugar.

Eating smaller portions, spread out over the day.

Being careful about when and how many. carbohydrates you eat.

Eating a variety of fruits, vegetables and whole-grain foods, every day.

Eating less fat.

Limiting your use of alcohol

Using less salt ( alcohol is the ban in Islam but others use alcohol)

 How to include sweets in your meal plan.

Diabetes nutrition focuses on healthy foods. But you can eat sweets once in a while without feeling guilty or significantly interfering with your blood sugar control. The key to diabetes nutrition is moderation.

For years, people with diabetes were warned to avoid sweets. But what researchers understand about diabetes nutrition has changed now a days.

Total carbohydrate That really matter

It was once assumed that candy, honey, and other sweets would raise your blood sugar level faster and higher than would vegetables, fruits, or "starchy" foods, such as pasta, potatoes, or whole-grain bread. But this isn't true, as long as the sweets are eaten with a meal and balanced with other foods in your meal plan. Although different types of carbohydrate can affect your blood sugar level differently, it's the total amount of carbohydrate that really matters. It is important how much amount of carbohydrate you are using. Its should be balance use.

But do Not overdo empty calories: 

 Of course, it's still best to consider sweets as only a small part of your overall plan for diabetes nutrition. Cookies, Candy, and other sweets have few vitamins and minerals and are often high in fat and calories. You'll get more empty calories — calories without the essential nutrients found in healthier foods, when you eat sweets. 

Sweets count as carbohydrates in your meal plan. The trick is substituting small portions of sweets for other carbohydrates — such as bread, rice, tortillas, fruits, crackers, cereal, milk, yogurt, juice, milk, or potatoes — should include  in the part of your meals. To allow room for sweets as part of a meal, you have two options

Replace some of the carbohydrates in your meal with a sweet.

Swap a high- carbohydrates-containing food in your meal for something with fewer carbohydrates and eat the remaining carbohydrates in your meal plan as a sweet.

Let's say your typical dinner is a grilled chicken breast, a medium potato, a vegetable salad a slice of whole-grain bread, and fresh fruit. If you'd like a small frosted cupcake after your meal, look for ways to keep the total carbohydrate count in the meal the same. You may trade your fresh fruit and the slice of bread and for the cupcake. Or replace the potato with a low-carbohydrate vegetable such as broccoli. Adding the cupcake after this meal keeps the total carbohydrate count the same. Just remember, 

dessert serving sizes can vary significantly, so try to estimate your carbohydrate count as accurately as possible because it is very important for your meal plan.

To make sure you're making even trades, read food labels carefully, and be sure to ask your dietitian if you have any questions. Look for the total carbohydrate in each food, which tells you how much carbohydrate is in one serving of the food. keep contact with your dietitian because he can better help of you in your diet and medical nutrition therapy  (M.N.T) plan. 

As part of diabetes nutrition, artificial sweeteners can offer the sweetness of sugar without the calories. Artificial sweeteners may help you reduce calories and stick to a healthy meal plan — especially when used instead of sugar in coffee and tea, on cereal, or in baked goods. In fact, artificial sweeteners are considered free foods because they contain very few calories and don't count as a carbohydrate, a fat or any other food in your meal plan. So use the artificial sweeteners with the advice of your dietitian.

Examples of artificial sweeteners include:

  Aspartame (Equal, NutraSweet) 

Acesulfame  potassium (Sunett,  Sweet One)

 Sucralose (Splenda)

 Saccharin (SugarTwin, Sweet N Low)

Artificial sweeteners don't necessarily offer a free pass for sweets.

 Keep an eye out for calories and carbohydrates. Many products made with artificial sweeteners, such as baked goods and artificially sweetened yogurt or pudding, still contain calories and carbohydrates that can affect your blood sugar level.

 Sugar alcohols are not calorie-free. Sugar alcohols, another type of reduced-calorie sweetener, are often used in sugar-free  candies, chewing gum and desserts.  Check  product labels for words such as "isomalt," "sorbitol"  "maltitol,"  "mannitol,"    and "xylitol."  Sugar-free foods containing sugar alcohols still have calories. And in some people, sugar alcohols can cause diarrhea and other problems.

Two naturally derived sweeteners, stevia  (Truvia, Pure Via) and agave nectar, offer another option when it comes to sweetening your food. Keep in mind that the sugar-to-sweetener ratio is different for each product, so you may need to experiment until you find the taste you like. Also, agave nectar isn't calorie- or carbohydrate  -free, so it shouldn't be considered for weight loss; but it has a lower glycemic  index than does sugar, so it won't affect your glucose level as much.

Diabetes nutrition doesn't have
 to mean no sweets. If
 you're craving them, ask

a registered dietitian to help
you include your favorite treats into your  meal

plan. A dietitian can also help you reduce the amount of sugar and fat in  your

favorite recipes. And don't be surprised if your tastes change as you  adopt

healthier eating habits. Food that you once loved may seem too sweet, and

healthy substitutes may become your new idea of delicious.

Protein Foods:

Foods high in protein such as fish, chicken, meats, cheese and soy products,  are all called “protein foods.” You may also hear them referred to as ‘meats or meat substitutes.”

The biggest difference among foods in this group is how much fat they contain, and for the vegetarian proteins, whether they have carbohydrate.

Best Protein Choices:

The best choices are:

Plant-based Protein

Chicken and other Poultry

Cheese and eggs

Fish and see food

a

Plant- Based Proteins:

Plant- based protein foods provide quality protein, healthy fats, and fiber. They vary in how much fat and carbohydrate  they contain, so make sure to read labels.

·         Beans such as black, kidney, and pinto

·     Bean products like baked beans and refried  beans,

·     Hummus and falafel

·     Lentils such as green, brown or yellow

·     Peas such as black-eyed or split peas

·     Green soybeans

·     Soy nuts

·     Nuts and spreads like cashew butter, almond butter, cashew or peanut butter,

·    tofu,  Tempeh.

·     Products like meatless "beef" crumbles, "chicken" nuggets,  "bacon","burgers", "sausage", and "hot dogs"

Fish and Seafood:

Try to include fish at least 2 times per week.

Fish high in omega-3 fatty acids like Albacore tuna, herring, mackerel, rainbow trout, sardines, and salmon

Other fish including catfish, cod, flounder, haddock, halibut, orange tilapia  roughy, 

Shellfish including clams, crab, imitation shellfish, scallops,  lobster, shrimp, oysters.

Poultry:

Choose poultry without the skin for less saturated fat and cholesterol.

Chicken, Cornish hen.  turkey.

Cheese and Eggs

Reduced-fat cheese,

Cottage cheese

Egg whites and egg substitutes.

Game

Buffalo, ostrich,  venison Dove,    rabbit, duck, goose, pheasant  Or goose,(no skin)

Beef, Pork, Veal, Lamb

If you decide to have these, choose the leanest options, which are:

Select or Choice grades of beef trimmed of fat including: chuck, rib, rump roast, round, sirloin, cubed, flank, porterhouse, T-bone steak, tenderloin, Beef jerky.

Lamb: chop, leg, or roast

Organ meats: heart, liver kidney, 

Pork: Canadian bacon, center loin chop, ham, tenderloin

Veal: loin chop or roast.

Tips for Carbohydrate Counters

Meats do not contain carbohydrate so they do not raise blood glucose levels. A balanced meal plan usually has about 2-5 ounces of meat.

Most plant-based protein foods, like soy products, and beans and any breaded meats contain carbohydrate. It's best to read food labels carefully for these foods.

In general there is about 15 grams of carbohydrate in ½ cup beans, and between 5 to 15 grams in soy-based products like veggie burgers and "chicken" nuggets.

a    For the Plate Method

About ¼ of your plate should come from high protein foods. So 1 chicken breast or about 3-4 ounces of pork loin fits.

If you are having a casserole type entrée like lasagna, about 1 cup will count as your meat and the starch for your meal. Fill the other ½ of your plate with nonstarchy  vegetables.

For Using the Glycemic Index

Meats do not have a glycemic index because they do not raise blood glucose levels. Vegetarian sources, like beans, nuts and lentils have a low GI. As with all the meal planning options, include a source of protein at each meal.

Planning of Type 2 diabetes

When you have type 2 diabetes, taking time to plan your meals goes a long way toward controlling your weight and blood sugar.

Function

Your main focus is on keeping your blood sugar (glucose) level in your target range. To help manage your blood sugar, follow a meal plan that has:
Food from all the food groups
Fewer calories
About the same amount of carbohydrates at 
each meal and snack
Healthy fats. Along with healthy eating, you can keep your blood sugar in target range by maintaining a healthy weight. Persons with type 2 diabetes are often overweight. Losing just 10 pounds can help you manage your diabetes better. Eating healthy foods and staying active (for example, 30 minutes of walking per day) can help you meet and maintain your weight loss goal.

HOW CARBOHYDRATES AFFECT BLOOD SUGAR:

Carbohydrates in food give your body energy. You need to eat carbohydrates to maintain your energy. But carbohydrates also raise your blood sugar higher and faster than other kinds of food.
The main kinds of carbohydrates are starches, sugars, and fiber. Learn which foods have carbohydrates. This will help with meal planning so that you can keep your blood sugar in your target range.

MEAL PLANNING FOR CHILDREN WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES:

Meal plans should consider the amount of calories children need to grow. In general, three small meals and three snacks a day can help meet calorie needs. Many children with type 2 diabetes are overweight. The goal should be a healthy weight by eating healthy foods and getting more activity (60 minutes each day).
Work with a registered dietitian to design a meal plan for your child. A registered dietitian is an expert in food and nutrition.
The following tips can help your child stay on track:
 Registered dietitian play an important role in your meal plan.

No food is off-limits. Knowing how different foods affect your child’s blood sugar helps you and your child keep it in target range. Help your child learn how much food is a healthy amount. This is called portion control. Have your family gradually switch from drinking soda and other sugary drinks, such as sports drinks and juices, to plain water or low-fat milk and etc.

PLANNING MEALS

Everyone has individual needs. Work with your doctor, registered dietitian, or diabetes educator to develop a meal plan that works for you. When shopping, read food labels to make better food choices.
A good way to make sure you get all the nutrients you need during meals is to use the plate method. This is a visual food guide that helps you choose the best types and right amounts of food to eat. It encourages larger portions of non-starchy vegetables (half the plate) and moderate portions of protein (one quarter of the plate) and starch (one quarter of the plate).

EAT A VARIETY OF FOODS

Eating a wide variety of foods helps you stay healthy. Try to include foods from all the food groups at each meal.

VEGETABLES (2½ to 3 cups a day)

Choose fresh or frozen vegetables without added sauces,salt or  fats,  Non-starchy vegetables include dark green and deep yellow vegetables, such as spinach, broccoli, romaine lettuce, cabbage, chard, and bell peppers. Starchy vegetables include corn, green peas, lima beans, potatoes, and taro.

FRUITS (1½ to 2 cups a day)

Choose fresh, frozen, canned (without added sugar), or dried fruits. Try berries, cherries,  apples, bananas,  fruit cocktail, grapes, melon,papaya,  oranges, peaches, pears,  pineapple. Drink juices that are 100% fruit with no added sweeteners or syrups.

GRAINS (3 to 4 ounces a day)

There are two types of grains:

Whole grains are unprocessed and have the entire grain kernel. Examples are whole-wheat flour, oatmeal, whole cornmeal, amaranth, barley, brown and wild rice, buckwheat, and quinoa.

Refined grains have been processed (milled) to remove the bran and germ. Examples are white flour, de-germed cornmeal,white rice.and  white bread.

Grains have starch, a type of carbohydrate. Carbohydrates raise your blood sugar level. So, for healthy eating, make sure half of the grains you eat each day are whole grains. Whole grains have lots of fiber. Fiber in the diet keeps your blood sugar level from rising too fast.

PROTEIN FOODS (5 to 6½ ounces a day)

Protein foods include meat, poultry, seafood, eggs, beans and nuts  peas,  and processed soy foods. Eat fish and poultry more often. Remove the skin from chicken and turkey. Select lean cuts of beef, veal, pork, or wild game. Trim all visible fat from meat. Bake, roast, broil, grill, or boil instead of frying.

DAIRY (3 cups a day)

Choose low-fat or nonfat dairy products. Be aware that milk, yogurt, and other dairy foods have natural sugar even when they do not contain added sugar. Take this into account when planning meals to stay in your blood sugar target range. 

OILS/FATS (no more than 7 teaspoons a day)

Oils are not considered a food group. But they have nutrients that help your body stay healthy. Oils are different from fats in that oils remain liquid at room temperature. Fats remain solid at room temperature.

Limit your intake of fatty foods, especially those high in saturated fat, such as hamburgers, deep-fried foods, bacon, and butter.

Instead, choose foods that are high in polyunsaturated or monounsaturated fats. These include fish, nuts, and vegetable oils.

Oils can raise your blood sugar, but not as fast as starch. Oils are also high in calories. Try to use no more than the recommended daily limit of 7 teaspoons.\

WHAT ABOUT ALCOHOL AND SWEETS?

If you choose to drink alcohol, limit the amount and have it with a meal. Check with your health care provider about how alcohol will affect your blood sugar and to determine a safe amount for you.
(In Islam alcohol is ban but the other people use alcohol)

Sweets are high in fat and sugar. Keep portion sizes small.

Here are tips to help avoid eating too many sweets:

Ask for extra spoons and forks and split your dessert with others.

Eat sweets that are sugar-free.

Always ask for the smallest serving size or children’s size.

Recommendations

A registered dietitian can help you decide how to balance the carbohydrates, protein, and fat in your diet. Here are some general guidelines:

The amount of each type of food you eat depends on:

Your weight

Your diet

How often you exercise

Your other health risks

Everyone has individual needs. Work with your doctor, and possibly a dietitian, to develop a meal plan that works for you.

The Diabetes Food  Pyramid, which resembles the old USDA food guide pyramid, splits foods into six groups in a range of serving sizes. In the Diabetes Food Pyramid, food groups are based on carbohydrate and protein content instead of their food type. A person with diabetes should eat more of the foods in the bottom of the pyramid (grains, beans, vegetables) than those on the top (fats and sweets). This diet will help keep your heart and body systems healthy.

Another method, similar to the new "plate" USDA food guide, encourages larger portions of vegetables (half the plate) and moderate portions of protein (one-quarter of the plate) and starch (one-quarter of the plate).

GRAINS, BEANS, AND STARCHY VEGETABLES

(6 or more servings a day)

Foods like bread, grains, beans, rice, pasta, and starchy vegetables are at the bottom of the pyramid because they should serve as the foundation of your diet. As a group, these foods are loaded with vitamins, minerals, fiber, and healthy carbohydrates.

It is important, however, to eat foods with plenty of fiber. Choose whole-grain foods such as whole-grain bread or crackers, tortillas, bran cereal, brown rice, or beans. Use whole-wheat or other whole-grain flours in cooking and baking. Choose low-fat breads, such as bagels, tortillas, English muffins, and pita bread.

VEGETABLES

(3 - 5 servings a day)

Choose fresh or frozen vegetables without added sauces, fats, or salt. Opt for more dark green and deep yellow vegetables, such as spinach, carrots, broccoli, romaine lettuce,  and peppers.

FRUITS

(2 - 4 servings a day)

Choose whole fruits more often than juices. Whole fruits have more fiber. Citrus fruits, such as oranges, grapefruits, and tangerines, are best. Drink fruit juices that do NOT have added sweeteners or syrups.

MILK

(2 - 3 servings a day)

Choose low-fat or nonfat milk or yogurt. Yogurt has natural sugar in it, but it can also contain added sugar or artificial sweeteners. Yogurt with artificial sweeteners has fewer calories than yogurt with added sugar.

MEAT AND FISH

(2 - 3 servings a day)

Eat fish and poultry more often. Remove the skin from chicken and turkey. Select lean cuts of beef, pork,  veal,  or wild game. Trim all visible fat from meat. Bake, roast, boil instead of frying.or broil, grill.

FATS, ALCOHOL, AND SWEETS:

In general, you should limit your intake of fatty foods, especially those high in saturated fat, such as hamburgers, cheese, bacon, and butter.

If you choose to drink alcohol, limit the amount and have it with a meal. Check with your health care provider about how alcohol will affect your blood sugar, and to determine a safe amount for you. (In Islam alcohol is ban but other people use alcohol)

Sweets are high in fat and sugar, so keep portion sizes small. Here are some tips to help avoid eating too many sweets:

Ask for extra spoons and forks and split your dessert with others.

Eat sweets that are sugar-free.

Always ask for the small serving size.

Learn how to read food labels, and consult them when  making  food decisions.

Alternative Names

Type 2 diabetes diet; Diet - diabetes - type 2Type 2 diabetes diet; Diet - diabetes - type 2

Furthur Information:

Diet details:

A registered dietitian can help you put together a diet based on your health goals, tastes and lifestyle and can provide valuable information on how to change your eating habits.

Recommended foods: 

Make your calories count with these nutritious foods.

Healthy carbohydrates: 

During digestion, sugars (simple carbohydrates) and starches (complex carbohydrates) break down into blood glucose. Focus on the healthiest carbohydrates, such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes (beans, peas and lentils) and low-fat dairy products.

Fiber, rich foods:

Dietary fiber includes all parts of plant foods that your body can't digest or absorb. Fiber can decrease the risk of heart disease and help control blood sugar levels. Foods high in fiber include  fruits, nuts, vegetables ,legumes (beans, peas and lentils), whole-wheat flour and wheat bran.

Heart-healthy fish. Eat heart-healthy fish at least twice a week: 

Fish can be a good alternative to high-fat meats. For example, cod, tuna and halibut have less total fat, saturated fat and cholesterol than do meat and poultry. Fish such as salmon, tuna,  bluefish, mackerel, sardines are rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which promote heart health by lowering blood fats called triglycerides.  However, avoid fried fish and fish with high levels of mercury, such as  tile fish,  swordfish and king mackerel.

“Good' fats: 

Foods containing 
monounsaturated  and polyunsaturated fats, such as avocados, almonds, pecans, walnuts, olives, and canola, olive and peanut oils, can help lower your cholesterol levels. Eat them sparingly, however, as all fats are high in calories.

Foods to avoid:

Diabetes increases your risk of heart disease and stroke by accelerating the development of clogged and hardened arteries. Foods containing the following can work against your goal of a heart-healthy diet.

Saturated fats:

High-fat dairy products and animal proteins such as beef, hot dogs, sausage and bacon contain saturated fats. Get no more than 7 percent of your daily calories from saturated fat.

Trans fats:

These types of fats are found in processed snacks, baked goods, shortening and stick margarines and should be avoided completely.

Cholesterol: 

Sources of cholesterol include high-fat dairy products and high-fat animal proteins, shellfish, egg yolks,  liver, and other organ meats. Aim for no more than 300 milligrams (mg) of cholesterol a day.

A sample menu: 

Your daily meal plan should take into account your size as well as your physical activity level. The following menu is tailored for someone who needs 1,200 to 1,600 calories a day.

Breakfast: 

Whole-wheat pancakes or waffles, one piece of fruit or 3/4 cup  of berries, 6 ounces of nonfat vanilla yogurt.

Lunch: 

Cheese and veggie pita, medium apple with 2 tablespoons of almond butter.

Dinner:

Beef stroganoff; 1/2 cup carrots; side salad with 1 1/2 cups spinach, 1/2 of a tomato, 1/4 cup chopped bell pepper, 2 teaspoons olive oil, 1 1/2 teaspoons red wine vinegar.

Snacks:

Two  un salted  rice cakes topped with 1 ounce of light spreadable cheese or one orange with 1/2 cup 1 percent low-fat cottage cheese.